基于AT89S51的温湿度监测系统外文翻译资料

 2023-05-21 07:05

Temperature and humidity monitoring system based on AT89S51

ABSTRACT:The detection system of temperature and humidity in the works by MSC-51 Series MCU in AT89S51 and DHT11. The design of this work mainly includes hardware circuit design and microcontroller program. The hardware circuit includes a microcontroller, a temperature and humidity sensor, display module and keyboard etc. The 4 part, by the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor and 1602 character LCD module system the display module, the original copy of the work less, stable work, high integration, high precision, and has a certain practical value. The software includes the main program, display subroutine, temperature and humidity routines.

DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor used in this design is a calibrated temperature and humidity combined sensor digital output of the sensor consists of a resistance type humidity sensitive original and a NTC temperature sensor, and is connected with a 8 bit MCU with high performance. So the product has excellent quality, fast response, anti-interference the ability is strong, cheap and durable. Single chip AT89S51 is a low consumption, high performance CMOS8 bit microcontroller, due to its strong function and low price, but also in the process of teaching is used more in the works of SCM, so select the AT89S51 microcontroller.

1 Introduction

Now with the peoples living standard is more and more high, so the quality of life are increasingly high requirements, and the quality of living environment is an important indicator of the quality of life, has become an important link to create a harmonious environment. Especially the accelerated pace of life, many white-collar workers have appeared in the sub-health state, so the test the temperature and humidity of the family for modern families has become very necessary. So in order to meet the peoples life most suitable for optimum temperature and humidity, we need to study a family style, simple and convenient operation, temperature and humidity control device, people can adjust according to different seasons and different individual needs, in order to achieve To the ideal living environment, which is not only for the quality of life requirements, but also reflects the development of todays society and advanced.

1.1 Problems raised

In order to effectively guarantee peoples living environment of ease and comfort, but also to peoples lives more healthy, people are dissatisfied with the current living environment, put forward higher requirements of the living environment, the intelligent Home Furnishing was introduced, and quickly in the country and the world wide spread, because of the natural environment more and more serious pollution, the city population is more and more, every city in the middle of diffuse haze, the temperature and humidity suitable for peoples life is more and more difficult to reach the standard, common climate differences between the north and south, the northern winter anomaly is South dry, cold and humid, especially for long-term living in foreign friends is difficult to adapt Should the weather. And for us, we can change a regional climate, but to spend manpower to very much. So we can change the environment around you, let you in your home more comfortable. So we should make corresponding changes to the environment in Home Furnishing the right time to meet the requirements of the people Home Furnishing environment.

1.2 Significance of research

With the accelerating pace of life of city residents and the improvement of living standard, people focus more and more on the sub health problems, so the demand for the living environment is more and more high, comfortable environment is not limited to the spacious luxurious residential, but also hope that in their own small home will also have the nature of regulation. According to the needs of mankind, to set the temperature and humidity accordingly.

Therefore, it is necessary to study the control of temperature and humidity, which can optimize the combination of community resources, improve service levels, promote the development of other industries, such as real estate, and bring new business opportunities for them.

1.3 Development of temperature and humidity sensors

In recent years, the development of temperature and humidity sensor measurement system is very fast, is one step towards integration, intelligent development, with the continuous efforts of researchers in various countries, this type of system has achieved great success.

Modern technology of temperature and humidity sensor measurement system mainly based on data acquisition, the main types include: virtual instrument, intelligent instrument, digital instrument and so on. With the further development of modern electronic science and technology, the data acquisition system has changed, the overall performance and practicability are greatly improved. Therefore, temperature humidity sensor measurement system based on the data structure and development also play an increasingly important role in various applications.

Now, many large foreign enterprises attach great importance to the sensor research and development work, for example, the Japanese Figaro company, Finland Vaisala company, is committed to the development of sensor and improvement, to strengthen its competitiveness in the market. In 90s, has appeared in the testing system of integrated temperature and humidity measuring kit and application in humidity sensor and this new technology have greatly stimulated the further development of sensors. At the same time, many domestic research institutions also developed in the sensor testing device on the continuous exploration and enterprising. For example, through a variety of traditional electronic instrument design research and development into the The dynamic testing system, the intelligen

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基于AT89S51的温湿度监测系统

摘要;本作品采用MSC-51系列单片机中的AT89S51和DHT11的温湿度的检测系统。本作品主要包括硬件电路的设计制作和单片机程序的设计。硬件电路主要包括单片机、温湿度传感器、显示模块以及键盘等4部分,由DHT11温湿度传感器及1602字符型液晶模块构成系统显示模块,该作品原件较少、工作稳定、集成度高,测试精度高,具有一定的实用价值。软件部分包括了主程序、显示子程序、测温湿度子程序。

本次设计采用的DHT11温湿度传感器是一款含有已校准数字输出的温湿度复合传感器,传感器包括一个电阻式感湿原件和一个NTC测温元件,并与一个高性能的8位单片机相连接。因此该产品具有品质卓越、超快响应、抗干扰能力强、便宜耐用等优点。单片机AT89S51是一款低消耗、高性能的CMOS8位单片机,由于它强大的功能和低价位,也是在教学过程中用的比较多的单片机,因此在作品中选择了AT89S51单片机。

  1. 引言

现在随着人们的生活水平越来越高,所以对生活质量的要求也越来越高,而生活环境的好坏是生活质量的一个重要指标,成了创造和谐环境的重要环节。尤其是目前生活节奏的加快,许多白领都出现了亚健康的状态,因此家庭温湿度的检测对于现代家庭来说也变得十分必要。因此为了满足最适宜人们生活的最佳温度和湿度,我们需要研究一种家庭式的,操作简单方便、控制温湿度的装置,人们可以根据不同季节以及个人的需要进行不同的调整,以便达到理想的生活环境,这不仅仅是对于生活质量的要求,同时也体现了当今社会的发达与先进。

    1. 问题的提出

为了更加有效的保证人们生活环境的安逸和舒适,同时也为了人们生活的更加健康,人们已不满于目前的居住环境,对居住环境提出了更高的要求,智能化被引进了家居,并且迅速在全国乃至世界范围内普遍发展开来,由于自然环境污染越来越严重,城市人口越来越多等,雾霾天天弥漫在城市中间,适宜人们生活的温度以及湿度越来越难以达到标准,常见的南北气候差异,北方冬天异常干燥,南方却阴冷潮湿,特别是对于长期居住在外地的朋友很难适应当地的气候。而对于我们来说,我们可以改变一个地区的大气候,但要花费的人力物力要非常多。所以我们可以改变您身边的环境,让你在你的家里住的更舒心。所以我门要在合适的时间内对家居环境作出相应的改变,来满足人们对家居环境的要求。

    1. 研究的意义

随着城市居民生活节奏的加快以及人民生活水平的不断提高,人们对于亚健康的问题越来越关注,因此对于居住环境的要求也越来越高,舒适的环境已不仅仅限于宽敞豪华的住宅,同时也希望在自己的小家里也会有大自然的调节作用,能够根据人类的需要,设定相应的温湿度。

因此研究温湿度的控制非常有必要,它可以优化组合社区资源,提升服务水平,推动反房地产等其他行业的发展,为他们带来新的商机。

    1. 温湿度传感器的发展现状

这几年,温湿度传感器测量系统发展十分飞快,正一步步向着集成化、智能化发展,随着各国科研人员的不断努力,该类型系统取得的非常巨大的成就。

现代温湿度传感器测量系统技术主要以数据采集为基础,主要类型包括:虚拟仪器、智能仪器、数字式仪器等等。伴随现代电子科学技术的进一步发展,数据采集系统也发生了天翻地覆的变化,其整体的性能、实用性方面都有很大的改进。所以,依托于数据采集结构而发展的温湿度传感器测量系统在各类应用中也发挥着越来越重要的作用。

现在,许多外国大型企业都十分重视传感器的研发工作,例如,日本的Figaro公司、芬兰的vaisala公司等,都致力于传感器的发展和改进,以加强其在整个市场的竞争力。在九十年代,先后出现了集成温度湿度测量套件和应用于湿度传感器的测试系统,这个新的技术的产生都大大刺激了传感器的进一步发展。与此同时,国内许多研究机构也在传感器测试装置的研发上不断探索、进取。例如通过采用传统电子仪器进行设计研发而成的多种动态测试系统、动进样装置的气体传感器智能测试系统等等,这些成绩都体现了我国在传感器领域取得的成就。

当然,随着科技的进步,传统的温湿度测试技术在稳定性、精度等方面已经无法满足市场的需求,因此,针对新一代传感器的探究显得尤为重要。

    1. 本文研究的目的和研究方向

本文研究的目的

为满足现代家庭对于居住环境温湿度的不同需求,我们可以随时进行检测和调节,对于不利情况能够及时的作出显示,并能够采取相应的措施提醒用户进行调整,以达到最适宜的温湿度,让用户能住的更加舒心。

    1. 本文研究的主要内容

首先我们必须了解温湿度控制对于家庭对于现代人们的重要性,其次我们才能够对此做出更好的判断,以求更好的解决用户所需要的问题。温湿度的控制是我们研究的主要内容。数字化温湿度检测的方法为一旦环境中的温湿度发生变化时,随着温湿度的变化湿度传温度感器和湿度传感器的阻值发生变化,然后将变化的电阻通过转换电路和转换信号检测为与之对应变化的电压,然后把模拟电压信号由A/D转换器转换为数字信号并送入到AT89S51单片机中,对采集到的信号单片机进行滤波处理并通过查表得到实际测量的湿度值,之后通过单片机的各外部接口电路连接到LCD1602显示屏显示该温湿度值。

  1. 设计任务分析及方案论证

2.1设计任务要求和温湿度控制的发展

设计过程及其工艺要求

设计一个以单片机为核心的温湿度控制系统,需要实现的功能为:

能够准确的显示当前的温度和湿度。温度检测的范围0℃-60℃,测温精度:plusmn;2℃;湿度检测范围20%-90%RH, 测湿精度:plusmn;5%RH。能够自动调节需要温度和湿度的预设温湿度值,在系统上面有调节按钮,可随时根据需要增加或者减少预设值。系统的显示方式都是四位显示,采用LCD显示。

设计温湿度计的根据和意义

温度与湿度与人们的生活息息相关。在工农业生产、气象、环保、国防、科研等部门,经常需要对环境温度与湿度进行测量及控制。准确量温湿度在生物制药、食品加工、造纸等行业更是至关重要的。传统的温度计是用水银柱来显示的,虽然结构简单、价格便宜,但是它的精确度不高,不易读数。传统的湿度计采用干湿球显示法,不仅复杂而且测量精度不高。而采用单片机对温湿度进行控制,不仅具有控制方便,简单和灵活等优点,而且可以大幅度提高温度控制的技术指标。用LED来显示温湿度的数字看起来更加直观。采用DHT11作为湿度传感器,可以同时测温,测湿,用单片机来控制温湿度可以完成温湿度的制动控制,通过单片机的串口与外部电路相连,把采集到的参数跟以设定的比较,最后由单片机向外部电路指示具体的行动。总之,无论在日常生活中还是在工业、农业方面都离不开对周围环境进行温湿度的测量。因此,研究温湿度的控制和测量具有非常重要的意义。

露点意义

露点(Dew point),又称露点温度(Dew point temperature),在气象学中是指在固定气压之下,空气中所含的气态达到饱和而凝结液态水所需要降至的温度。在这温度时,凝结的水飘浮在空中称为、而沾在固体表面上时则称为,因而得名露点。

单位

习惯上,常用摄氏温度表示。

说明

人们常常通过测定露点,来确定空气的绝对湿度和相对湿度,所以露点也是空气湿度的一种表示方式,比如当测得了在某一气压下空气的温度是20℃,露点是12℃那么,就可从表中查得20℃时的饱和蒸汽压为17.54mmHg,12℃时的饱和蒸汽压为lO.52mmHg,则此时空气的绝对湿度p=10.52mmHg, 空气的相对湿度.B=(10.52/17.54)times;100%=60%。

采用这种方法来确定空气的湿度,有着相当重大的实用价值,但很关键的一点就是要求我们需要学会露点的测定方法。

露点的测定在农业上意义很大,由于空气的湿度下降到露点时,空气中的水蒸汽就凝结成了露,如果露点在O℃以下,那么气温下降到露点时,水蒸汽就会直接凝结成了霜,知道了露点就可以预报是否会发生霜冻,以便于农作物受到损害。

气温和露点的差值越小,表示空气越接近于饱和,气温和露点越接近,也就是此时的相对湿度百分比值大,这时候人们会感觉气候潮湿,气温和露点差值大,就说明此时的相对湿度百分比值小,人们会感觉气候干燥,对人体来说最适中的相对湿度是60~70%。

严格来说露点时的饱和气压和空气当时的水气压强是不相等的,未饱和汽的压强随温度的变化是遵循Pt=P0(1 t/273),因此在日常的温差下压强的变化很小,我们可以近似地当作不变来处理。

2.2设计总体方案及其方案论证

依据功能设定,本系统主要分为以下三个模块: (1)温湿度采集模块 (2)数据处理模

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